These pioneering patients are still alive and continue to participate in on-going studies by physicians at the National Human Genome Research Institute. In addition, one form of SCID became the first human illness treated by human gene therapy in 1990, a process in which a normal gene was transferred into the defective white blood cells of two young girls to compensate for the genetic mutation. David died in 1984 following an unsuccessful bone marrow transplant, an attempt to provide him with the capacity to fight infections on his own and thus free him from the bubble.Īlthough a rare disease, SCID has been extensively studied over the past several decades because of the insights it provides into the workings of the normal human immune system. He lived in such isolators for nearly 13 years. Because David's brother had died of the disease, doctors immediately placed him into a plastic isolation unit to protect him from infections. Caused by defects in any of several possible genes, SCID makes those affected highly susceptible to life-threatening infections by viruses, bacteria and fungi. doi:10.3324/ Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) may be best known from news stories and a movie in the 1980s about David, the Boy in the Bubble, who was born without a working immune system. Folate dietary insufficiency and folic acid supplementation similarly impair metabolism and compromise hematopoiesis. Henry CJ, Nemkov T, Casás-Selves M, et al. Severe pancytopenia due to acute folate deficiency despite normal folate erythrocyte level. Huguenin A, Barraud S, Daliphard S, Marot D, Garnotel R, Bani-Sadr F. Severe megaloblastic anemia: vitamin deficiency and other causes. Socha DS, DeSouza SI, Flagg A, Sekeres M, Rogers HJ. Serum and red blood cell folate testing for folate deficiency: new features? Eur J Haematol. Medicines associated with folate-homocysteine-methionine pathway disruption. Vidmar M, Grželj J, Mlinarič-Raščan I, Geršak K, Dolenc MS.
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Folate deficiency in patients seeking treatment of alcohol use disorder.
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Folate insufficiency due to MTHFR deficiency is bypassed by 5-methyltetrahydrofolate. Vidmar Golja M, Šmid A, Karas Kuželički N, Trontelj J, Geršak K, Mlinarič-Raščan I. Renal reabsorption of folates: pharmacological and toxicological snapshots.
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Samodelov SL, Gai Z, Kullak-Ublick GA, Visentin M. Folate in gastrointestinal health and disease. Ponziani FR, Cazzato IA, Danese S, et al. Folate, folic acid and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate are not the same thing. Low serum folic acid can be a potential independent risk factor for erectile dysfunction: a prospective case-control study. The association of folate and depression: A meta-analysis. The Vitamins in Psychosis Study: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the effects of vitamins B12, B6, and folic acid on symptoms and neurocognition in first-episode psychosis.
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Low folate predicts accelerated cognitive decline: 8-year follow-up of 3140 older adults in Ireland. O'Connor DMA, Scarlett S, De Looze C, O'Halloran AM, Laird E, Molloy AM, Clarke R, McGarrigle CA, Kenny RA.